Pipe organ



w. R. DORR Oct. 2s, 1930.

PIPE ORGAN Filed May 14, 1929 ...W .GNR

Qtgmiux .IS

un. um una n WILLIAM RIPLEY DGRR,

I lNvE/vraA H15 ATTORNEY www o ...uw l hn wo Patented Oct. 28, 1930UNITED STATESY WILLIAM RIPLEY DORR, OF PALOS VERDES ESTATES, .CALIFORNIAPIPE ORGAN Application filed May 14, 1929. Serial No. 362,895.

This invention relates to pipe organs, its object being the productionof a one-manual organ which any player of a piano or a simple parlororgan can play with the same effect as if he were playing .a large andexpensive pipe organ having a pedalboard and a manual-to-pedal coupler.

The invention, therefore, comprises means whereby, when a single key inthe bass octave of the manual is played, the corresponding pipe in theybourdon is sounded; means whereb when a fnll chord 1s la ed on saidbass ke s the lowest ke and 1t onl is caused .to

n 7. 7 sound the corresponding pipe in the bourdon;

i5 means whereby, when a key in the tenor octave isplayed, thecorresponding pipe ofthe.

bourdon is sounded; means whereby, when a full chord is played on thetenor octave keys, the lowest key, and it only, is caused to sound '2Gits corresponding pipe in the bourdon, and

means whereby, when .a chord is played on keys in both the bass and thetenor octaves,y

theBourdon pipe corresponding to the lowest n note of the chord, and itonly, is sounded.Y These and other objects, hereinafter more fully setforth, are attained by the invention which is illustrated, principallyby diagram, in the accompanying drawing. It is to be understood,however, that the drawing is in- 0 tended to show merely one form inwhich'the invention may be embodied and that the de tails may be widelyvaried withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention. For eX- ample;whereas the controlling means arev shown as a combination of electricand pneupipes of both .the manual and the Bourdon. chests from themanual keyboard; Fig. 2 is a combined perspective and diagram showingcertain of the said controlling circuits and means, and Figs. 3 and 4are diagrammatic views showing modified forms of multiplecontactswitches or relays which may be employed in the system of Fig. l.

Since the invention is concerned with the lower octaves only of thekeyboard, I have indicated in Fig. l, at K, portions only of thekeyboard, the same comprising the keys of the bass octave, which aredesignated CC, CCjqt, etc.; certain of the keys of the tenor octave,which are designated C, E, etc. and one key of the middle octave, whichis designated Ca. There are, of course, twelve keys in each coinpleteoctave.

In the upper right hand part of the drawing a portion of the manualchest is indicated, the action units therein, which are connected withthe keys CC, DD, etc. of the bass octave, being designated CC60,DDm,etc.; those which are connected with the keys of the tenor oc tave beingdesignated Cw, Ex, etc., while the one that is connected with the key Caof the middle octave is designated Cam. At theleft of the manual chest,the Bourdon chest is indicated. This has twelve action units whichcontrol the twelve pipes of the bourdon, the actions being designatedCCC, EEE, etcfto correspond to their controlling keys CC, EE, etc. ofthe bass octave. of the manual. As will be seen, these Bourdon chestactions may also be controlled from their corresponding keys of thetenor octave. Certain of the Bourdon pipes are indicated at PP .andcertain of the manual pipes at P. vvWhile I have referred to the pipesPP as Bourdon pipesf, the same may be any pipes which are customarilycontrolled from the pedal keyboard of an organ which is provided withpedals.

Each of the keys of the keyboard is connected, through a short conductor3 with a lead-wire el which extends `to a suitable source of electriccurrent which, for'purpose of illustration, is assumed to be a generator5. The opposite pole of the generator is preferably grounded, asindicated at G. From this it will be seen that every lkey is charged oris alive. AssociatedV with each key of the bass octave are four contactpoints, all of which are charged or Vmade 12 to the ground-Gra and..thence, through;

the frame of theorgan', to ground G and to the said source. Of-course,the conductor 11- could be led backto the generator, if de.-

sired; but for simplificationof'illustration,

the` various circuits are simply grounded. The coil 12 forms apart of anelectro-magnetic device, vthe. function of which will bel Y statedhereinafter. l z

Extending from the contact 7 of the key CC isa wire 13 which leadsthrough a coil 14 -to a ,wire 15, which is grounded at Gb. Hereafter,instead of using the term coil,.

:["shallemploythe term magnet, it beingl understood that the term isusedin a generic sense andV is intended vto cover either an electro-magnet,a solenoid, or any other form of'electro-mag'netic :device suitable forthe purpose; The magnet 14 is part of an electro-magnetic device whichcontrols a pneu-v matic 16. VThe said device and pneumatic are mountedupon a suitable board or panel 17 ,'ja portion of which is shown inFig.*2. The pneumaticfis also shown therein as being a small bellowsprovided Ywith an airsupply pipe 18.V This pipe is controlled by themagnet`14 so as to feed air to the pneu- `matic whenever the key- CC isplayed. This air expands the bellows, causing the'latter to 'liftV a rod,-19 which is connected to` a switch member-20 at the upper part ofthepanel;` Asy will be'seen from Fig. 1, this member is elongated, the samebeing pivoted p at its lower edge to the panel. This particular memberis providedron its rear side with =eleven contacts 21. These contactsare all charged or are alive, being connected with they source ofcurrent 'throughfaV wire 22. Any Vsuitable form of connection may beused. As shown, the pivot rod 23, which extendsthroughout the length ofthe switchl member, is connected with each of the eleven contacts 21 andalso with the wire 22 which leads back to the generator 5. 0n the panel17 behind each of the contacts 21 is a sta- Y tionary contact'24.When-the magnet 1,4 is

energized ,by` the operation of the key CC, its pneumatic 16 swings theswitch member 20 to bring the eleven contacts 21 into *engagement withtheir 'respective contacts 24,f

andthe latter became charged.

Each ofthe remaining keys of the bass octava-from' CC# to BB, has' acorresponding magnet 14 connected with its contact 7, a correspondingpneumatic :16 and a corresponding switch member 20. But, whereas themember 20 of key CC has eleven contacts 21, that of key CC# has but tenof these contacts, that of key DD has but nine, and so on, there beingone contact less in each successive'member until, when the last Visreached, there is but one. ll of these inagnets, pneumatics and switchmembers are carried Von the panel V17 and they constitute the Bourdonbreakerv switches.

As will bey, shownjhereinafter, other forms o fmultiplecontact switchesaccomplishing the same rey sults may be used in lieu of those shown.

As stated, wherever one of the switch meinbers 20 is actuatedwto close.its contacts 21 Vagainst the contacts24, the latter become charged.These contacts are insulated from one another, and eachis connectedthroughA a condu'ct0r25 with a magnet 26 and thence to wires 27 and 28to ground Gb. When the upperl switch member 2O is operated, `all thecoils 26 'are energized simultaneously. Tt'

will be note-d that there-is no coil 26 for the key CC. The reason forthis' omission'will be stated later. Fig. 2 shows in a somewhat moredetailed manner the parts ust referred of a solenoid which, 'whenenergized, actuates its core. This core is provided with a pad-likeelement 29 which isV adaptedto close theend of an exhaust pipeleading'from the pneumatic 30. The weight ofthe core andi said elementis sufficient to hold the latter closed against Vsaid pipe. Vhen,however, the solenoid' is energizedfthe element A29 is lifted, the lair`escapes from the pneumatic and the latter collapses. Whenever the windis in the' organ and the element 29 isclosed against thesaid exhaustpipe the pneumatic is inflated, as shown, to .h-old a bridging contactplate 31 against two otherwise separate Y contacts 32 and 33. Asindicated in Fig. 1,

these contacts lie parallel but spaced apart,

and no current can flow nfrom one to thev other except when thecorresponding pneumatic is inflated. When this occurs, currentflows'fromthe source 5 through'any one of the'operate-d keys, except CC,into contact 8 of Vthat key, through Va conductor 34 to the bridgedVcontacts 32 and 33, through another magnet 35, which is connected withthe Bourdon chest, to a wire36 leading to ground Bb' throughthe wire 28.i There are eleven of the magnets'26 and an equal number of sets ofcontacts 32 and 33,each set having its pneu-- matic 30. These elementsconstitute the Bourdon circuit breaker. Whenever one of theBourdon-chest4 magnets is'energiied, the corresponding pipe of thebourdon is sounded. `Itwill be noted that there is a circuit breakerforeach action unit of the Bourdon chest except the CCC unit.l Its coil35a' is connected directly with the contact 8of thev key CC through thewire 34a .and is grounded through wires 36 and 28.

to. The coil 26, as here' shown, is in the form Y Each of the keys CC,DD, etc. of the bass octave is adapted, when operated to close againstanother contact 9. This contact is connected, through a conductor 37, toa magnet 38 of its corresponding note in the manual chest. These magnets38 are like the magnets and the magnet 35a of the Bourdon chest. Theyare all connected through wires 38a, 68 and 60 to ground at Gc. Wheneverany one of the magnets 38 is energized, wind is admitted to thecorresponding manual pipe P t-o sound it, if its particular stop is on.

Suficient description has now been given to enable the operation of thispart of the invention to be understood. When a chord is played on thekeys of the bass octaveHsay keys CC, EE and GG,-the pipes P of notesCCW, EEw and GG of the manual chest will all sound. But it is desirableto strengthen or round out the bass by sounding the Bourdon pipecorresponding to unit CCC of the Bourdon chest. This is accomplishedautomatically through the contact 8 of key CC which causes magnet 35a tobe energized to admit wind to the CCG Bourdon pipe.l But it would neverdo to have the Bourdon pipes of units EEE and GGG sounding at the sametime, as the resulting noise would practically drown out the highernotes of the manual-chest pipes. It is to prevent the higher notes ofthe chord from s-ounding on the Bourdon pipes that the Bourdon breakerswitches and the Bourdon circuit breakers are employed. As soon as keyCG is depressed, its contact 7 and magnet'l/l are energized. This admitswind to the corresponding pneumatic 16, which open ates the-upper switchelement 20, thus closing all of the eleven sets of contacts 21-24 andenergizing all the magnets 23 of the Bourdon circuit breaker. Thisresults in the instantaneous deflation of all the pneumatics 30 and theopening of all the circuits at the sets of contacts 32 and 33.Therefore, notwithstanding the energization of the contacts 8 and thewires 34 of both keys EE and GG, no current can pass across the opencontacts 32 and 33 of their circuits, and the Bourdon pipes of units EEEand GGG remain silent. In this manner, therefore, all the notes of achord struck on the bass octave keys are suppressed in the bourdonexcept the lowest note of the chord. At the same time, the full chord issounded on the bass pipes of the manual chest.

Upto this point, the description has been directed to the bass-octavekeys and the various instrumentalit-ies connected with and controlled bythem. The tenor octave keys will now be discussed in like manner. Thesekeys are, as stated, designated C, E, etc., and a suicient number ofthem are shown in Fig. l to make the various connections and operationsclear.

Associated with each of these keys are ve contact points. One, 7a,corresponds to the contact 7 of a bass-octave key, since it isconnected, through a wire 39, to the wire 13 which leads to thecorresponding contact 7. Contact 7a of key C, for example, is connectedto contact 7 of key CG, with the result that the upper switch member 2Oof the Bourdon breaker switches is operated to suppress all the Bourdonpipes except the one that is controlled from note CCG of the Bourdonchest. The contacts 7a of the successive keys of the tenor octave are inlike manner connected with the contacts 7 of the correspondingbass-octave keys, whereby only the low est note of a chord played on thetenor keys is sounded on the Bourdon pipes. This lowest note is soundedon these pipes, however, because of the next contact, 8c, which isconnected through wire to the corresponding conductor 34 or 34a of thebass-octave keys. Thus, when key C, for example, is played, currentflows therefrom through contact 8a, wire 4:0 and conductor 34a to magnet35a of note CCC in the Bourdon chest.

It will be noted, however, that the wires L10 are in two sections whichare normally connected through a switch al, designated on the drawingtenor octave cut-out. vllienever .the wind is turned on in the organ,this switch is closed, as indicated in Eig. l, so as to connect thesections of the several wires 40, and the operation is as above stated.Means for so closing the switch are so well known in the art that anillustration or further description thereof is deemed unnecessary. When,however, any key of the bass octave is played, current flows from itscontact l0 through the conductor 1l, which connects the successivecontact points l0, through the magnet l2 to ground at Ga. Theenergization of magnet l2 moves the cut-out switch l-l to break thecircuits through all the wires 40, thus preventing all the keys of thetenor octave from sounding` the Bourdon pipes. lf, therefore, keys GG,BB and D, for eX- ample, be played to sound a chord on the pipes of themanual chest, key D cannot sound the Bourdon pipeDDD because itsconnection with the corresponding magnet 35 of the Bourdon chest isbroken at the switch el. At the same time, key BB cannot sound theBourdon pipe BBB because key GG has operated its switch member 20 of theBourdon breaker switches and has caused the circuit from key BB to openat the contacts 32 and 33. Therefore, when a chord is struck which is inpart in the bass and in part in the tenor octave, only the lowest noteof the chord can sound on the Bourdon pipes.

The nent contact associated with each of the keys of the tenor octave isdesignated 9a. This contact is connected, through wire 42, with themagnet 38 of the corresponding a chord, when that lowest note lies `inthel action unit of the manual chest. In the case of key C, the contact9a is directly connected through its wire 42 to the magnet 38 of actionunit Ca', `so that a pipe P connected with that unitis soundechif itsstop is on.

In'playing this organ, it will frequently be very eiective to couplethelowest note of tenor octave, to the corresponding note in the bassoctave, thus reinforcing the bass note or that chord, and to have thisbass coupler so operate that it couples only the lowest note so struck'.That is the purpose of the instrumentalities now to be described.

One of the iive contacts associated with each of the keys of the tenoroctave is designated 43. This contact is at the end of a wire 44 whichleads to the corresponding conductor 37 of the contacts 9 of the keys ofthe bass octave. When, therefore, key C of the tenor octave is played,it energizes not only magnet 38 of `actionunit Cw of the manualv chestbut the magnet 38 of note @Cw of that chest also. As in the case of thewires 40,

the wires 44 are in two sections which may be connected, whendesired,through a switch which 1s designated on the drawing basscouplerswitch. lh'enthis switch is closed,

as indicated inthe drawing, and key C, for example, is depressed, thecurrent flows from contact 43,. through wirel 44 and the basscouplerswitch, to-theconductor 37 leading from contact`9 of key CC to themagnet 38 of note CCO@ inthe manual chest. rllhe basscoupler switch maybe said to be normally open, and the circuits through wires 44 broken.The bass-coupler switch is closed by amagnet 45 in an electric circuitwhich extends from the conductor` 4, shown below the keyboard, throughwires46 andv 47, a switchv 48, a wire 49 tothe magnet, and'thencethrough a wire 50, a switch l Vand wire 52 to ground Gc. The switch 48is manually controlled through the bass-coupler stop 53. When that stopis drawn, the circuit is closed at the switch 48 and the magnet 45 isyenergized to close the bass-coupler switch. The switch 5l is normallyclosed but is opened by a magnetA 54 in a wire 55 whichisconnected withtherwire l1 having the'series of contacts .associated with thebass-octave keys. When any one vof these keys is depressed it not onlyopens the tenor-octave cut-out switch'but also opens the switch 5l, thusdeenergizing the magnet and permitting the 'Y bass-coupler switch toopen notwithstanding the bass-coupler stop 53 remains drawn. As soon asthe key is released, however, the switch5l automatically closes again,thus reestablishing the circuit through the magnet 45 and again closingthe bass-coupler switch.

l/Vhile, bythe means thus described, the lowest not'eof achord struckon'the tenor octave keys is coupled to the corresponding pipe inthe bassoctave of the manual chest, itis highlydesirable that all the other.notes ot the chord be suppressed in said Vbass octave. This cut-outofthe higher notesis effected through instrumentalities similar to'thosede-l scribed for suppressing the vhigher Anotesof a chord struck on thekeys of the bass octave. W hen depressed, theV keyy E, :tor example,

closes against its litth Contact, designated 5 6.

This contact'isconnected"through a. conduc- Y tor 57, with amagnet58.`Current flowsfrom the key-through the saidmagfnet and thence, throughwires 59 andi60,lto ground'Gc. "The energizaton of the magnet 58 rocksa'multiple contact switchor relay 6l through a very Y short arc.Thisswitch, like the switch-member 20` ofkey EE, has sevenclosely-spaced are connected to theirrespectivemagnets QG j in thebass-coupler circuitgbreaker, 67, these magnets being connected Vwithawire V6,8, which leads to wire 60. and thence to ground Gc'.rfhebass-coupler,circuit breaker is sub- Y stantially identical with theBourdon circuit breaker. y y Y e Y c While the complete system willinclude eleven of the multiple switches 61, but one of them is shown,that one correspondingto key E. They are all alike, except as to theirnum-w, bers of contacts 62. As inthe Bourdon breaker switches, theswitch operated from key C would have eleven contacts,theone operatedVVfrom key C# would have ten contacts, and so on, the numberV of`contacts 'diminishing progressively until the switch controlled fromkey B would have but a single contact.

The multiple-contact switches 6l may be operated directly from theirrespective-mag nets 58, as indicated in Fig. l, or they Ymay be operatedpneumatically, as in Fig.V 3, the pneumatics 69, in that case, beingcontrolled by the magnets 58, as V,are the pneumatics 30 of Fig. 2. Theswitch 61 of Fig. 3 is provided with eleven contacts 62, being thusadapted for use with key C ot the tenor octave, or Y with key CC of thebass octave. Y

` v In Fig. 4 I have shown a modified form'of multiple-contact switch orrelay which may be substituted for the typey ofswitch shown at 6l or at20 in Fig. l. These various forms of switches perform, orare adapted Vtoperform, the same functions-and any of these forms maybe used. InFig. 4,a smallpneumatic 70 is controlled by a magnet-.71. .When the latter` isenergized, ,it causes the pneumatic to be deflated. This pneumaticcarries a bridging plate 72which, ,when the pneumatic'is inflated,closes against a` seriesrof contacts 7 3 to establishy electricyconnection between them, as in Fig. 2. When Vthe pneumatic Vis deflatedthis connection is broken.

The depression of key E, for example, that being the key with which theonly switch 6l shown is connected, causes its magnet 58 to operate itssaid switch 6l, with` the result that all the magnets 66 orp the keysabove E in the tenor octave are energized to prevent any of the latterkeysiromsounding their respective manual pipes oi' the bass octave. Inthis con` nection, it will be understood that each o'l' the magnets 66controls a pneumatic, like pneumatic 30 of Fig. 2, and that thesepneumatics control their respective contacts to make or break circuitsleading to the magnets 38 of the notes EFM, GGa, etc. of the bass pipesof the manual chest. rlhus, if key E be played, its magnet, 38 of noteEx will be energized to cause apipe l? of that note to sound and, at thesame time, its magnet 58 will be energized to operate' itsmultiple-contact switch 6l. This will result in the energization of allthe magnets 66 of the bass-coupler circuit-break* er which control thecircuits leading to the note FF fc and those higher in the bass oct vein the manual chest, thus preventing` any of the pipes of these notesfrom sounding. As shown in Fig. l, the contact 43 oi' key E isconnected, through wire Tel and the basscoupler switch, to contacts 'atT5 and 7 6. The latter contact is connected, through a wire .77 to theconductor 37 which leads to the magnet 38 of note EE. Contact 56 overkey E, leads to magnet 58 operating switch 61 controlling circuitbreaker for note FF and all higher notes of bass octave. The depressionof key E,`therefore, results in the deflation of the pneumaticcontrolling the contacts 7 5 and 7 6 shown, opening the circuit leadingto note Fllatl and preventing the manual pipes of that note fromsounding. Through similar circuits and means controlled by the switch 61of key E and comprising contacts 62 and 68, all the other manual pipesin the bass octave above that of FF a: are prevented from sounding.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters-Patent is l. In a pipe organ, the combination with amanual keyboard comprising bass octave and tenor octave keys, of aseries of manual pipes corresponding to and operatively connected withthe keys of said keyboard, and of a set oin Bourdon pipes correspondingto the keys of the bass octave of said keyboard, and means operativelyconnected with each of the keys of the bass and tenor octaves forcausing its corresponding Bourdon pipe to sound when the key is playedand for preventing any other Bourdon pipe which is higher in the scalefrom sounding at the same time.

2. In a pipe organ, the combination with a manual key board comprisingbass oct-ave and tenor octave keys, of a series of manual pipescorresponding to and operatively connected with the keys of saidkeyboard, of a set of Bourdon kpipes corresponding to the keys of thebass octave of said keyboard, and electromagnetic means operativelyconnected with each of the keys of the bass and tenor octaves forcausing its corresponding Bourdon pipe tosound when the key? is playedand for preventing any other Bourdon pipe which is higher in the scalefrom sounding at the same time.

3. ln a pipe organ, the lcombination with a manual keyboard comprisingbase octave and tenor octave keys, of a series of manual pipescorresponding to'and operatively con- Vnected with the keys of saidkeyboard, of a set of Bourdon pipes corresponding to the keys of thebass octave of said keyboard, means operatively connected with each ofthe keys of the tenor octave for causing its corresponding Bourdon pipeto sound when the key is played, and means operatively connected witheach of the keys of the bass octave for preventing any of the keys ofthe tenor octave from playing its corresponding Bourdon pipe when anykey of the bass octaveis played at the same time.

4. ln a pipe organ, the combination with a manual keyboard comprisingbass octave and tenor octave keys, of a series of manual pipescorresponding to and operatively connected with the keys of saidkeyboard, and of a set of Bourdon pipes corresponding to the keys of thebass octave of said keyboard, means operatively connected with each ofthe keys of the tenor octave for causing its corresponding Bourdon pipeto sound when the key is played, and electro-magnetic means operativelyconnected with each of the keys of the bass octave for preventing any ofthe keys of the tenor octave from playing its corresponding Bourdon pipewhen any key of the bass octave is played at the same time.

5. In a pipe organ, the combination with a manual keyboard comprisingbassv octave and tenor octave keys, of a series of manual pipescorresponding to and operatively connected with the keys of saidkeyboard, and of a set of Bourdon pipes corresponding to the keys of thebase octave of said keyboard, and means operatively connected with thekeys of both the bass octave and tenor octave whereby, when a chord issounded upon the keys'of both octaves, only the lowest note of the chordis sounded upon the Bourdon pipes.

6. In, a pipe organ7 the combination with a manual keyboard comprisingbass octave and tenor octave keys, of a series of manual pipescorresponding to and operatively conf nected with the keys of saidkeyboard, a set 0f Bourdon pipes corresponding to the keys lof the bassvoctave; of said keyboard, and electro-magnetic means operativelyconnectedk with the Vkeys of both the bass octave and tenor octavewhereby, when a chord is sounded' upon the keys of both Voctaves, onlythe lowestnote of the chord is sounded uponthe Bourdon pipes. Y K

v7. In a pipe organ, the combination with a manual keyboard comprisingbass-octave and Vtenor-octave keys, of manual pipes corresponding toVsaid keys, means whereby the said pipes are V'caused to sound whentheir corresponding keys are played, a second series ofpipes'corresponding tofthe keys of the bass-octave, means for causingany one of the latter pipes to sound when its corresponding key of thebass-octave is played, means under control of the played key forpreventing any other pipe of the second serieswhich is higher in thescale from sounding at the same time, electric connections between thekeys of the tenor-octave and the corresponding pipesof the second seriesthrough which said latter pipes may be caused to sound when thecorresponding key of the tenor-octave is played, said connectionscomprising a normally closed multi-contactswitch', and means undercontrol of all the keys of the bass-octave :for kcausing the said switchto open its contactsv when any key of the bassoctave Vis played,whereby, when a chord is played on the bass-octaveiand tenor-octavekeys,`onlyv the lowest note of the chord is sounded on the pipes of thesecond series.

y8. In a pipeorgan, the combination with a manual keyboard vcomprisingbass-octave and tenor-octave keys, of manual pipes corresponding to saidkeys, means whereby the said pipes are caused to sound when theircorresponding keys .are played, a series of Bourdon pipesk correspondingto the'keys of the bass-octave, means' for causing any one of theBourdon pipes to sound when its corresponding key in the bass-octave isplayed, .means under control of the played 'key for preventing anylother l of the Bourdon pipes which is higher in the scale from soundingat the same time, electric connections betweenthe keys 'of thetenor-octaveand the correspond- 'ing Bourdon pipes through which saidlatter pipesmay be caused to ,sound when the corresponding vkeyofthetenor-octave is played, said y, connections comprising a normallyclosed multi-contact switch, and means under control Yof all the keysofthe bass-octave for causing the said switch toopen its contacts when IanyY key Y of the bass-octave is p'layed,`whereb'y, when a chord isplayed on the bass-octave and Atenor-octave keys, only Bourdon pipes. .v

9. EIn an Orgamthecombination ofla keythe lowest note of the'chord issounded on the ,l i l' y board comprisingfbass-octave and higher-octavekeys, manual pipes corresponding tothe necting the keys withtheirrespective pipes for causing the latter to sound under normal conditionslwhen their respective keys areplayed, and means :under control of thekeys of the bass-octave for preventing all pipes of the bass-octave fromsounding when a chord is struck on the keyboard except the lowest noteof said chord.

Q 10. In an organ, the combination of a keyboard comprising bass-octaveand higher-octave keys, manual pipes corresponding to the respectivekeys of the keyboard, means connecting the keys with their respectivepipes for causing the latter to sound under normal conditions when theirrespective keys are played, and electro-magnetic means under control ofthe keys of the bass-octave for preventing all pipes of the bass-octavefrom sounding when a chord is struck on the keyboardeXce-ptthe lowestnoteoil said chord.v

l1. In a pipe organ, a keyboard compris- Y Y ing bass-octave andtenor-octavekeys, manual pipes corresponding to the respective keys of ithe keyboard, means connecting the keys vwith their respective pipes forcausing the latterY Vupon the pipes corresponding' to the keys v ofthe'bass-octave.

In testimony whereofIihave signed my name to'this specification. Y

` Y WILLIAMVRIPLEY DORB. l

respective kkeys of the'keyboard, meansA c011- I

